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重慶監控公司 > 監控新聞 > 公司新聞 > 地鐵監控系統施工應該要注意哪些事項
地鐵監控系統施工應該要注意哪些事項
編輯 :  重慶監控公司    2018-01-23 16:10:26

重慶地鐵監控項(xiang)目(mu)工(gong)程,先必(bi)須了解(jie)地(di)鐵安全監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)項(xiang)目(mu)整(zheng)體內(nei)容,只有(you)掌握工(gong)程項(xiang)目(mu)內(nei)容才能(neng)有(you)效的(de)規劃工(gong)程施作計劃,地(di)鐵的(de)安全監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)主(zhu)要包含有(you)重慶監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)、門禁(jin)系(xi)統(tong)及(ji)入侵報警(包含周界在內(nei))及(ji)廣播(bo)通訊(xun)系(xi)統(tong)等主(zhu)要項(xiang)目(mu)。

地鐵(tie)監控工程到底要注意那些事項(xiang)

地(di)(di)鐵(tie)監(jian)控(kong)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)工(gong)程(cheng),先必(bi)須(xu)了解(jie)地(di)(di)鐵(tie)安全監(jian)控(kong)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)整(zheng)體內(nei)容(rong),只(zhi)有(you)(you)掌握工(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)內(nei)容(rong)才能有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)規劃工(gong)程(cheng)施作(zuo)計劃,地(di)(di)鐵(tie)的(de)(de)安全監(jian)控(kong)主要(yao)包含(han)有(you)(you)視(shi)(shi)頻(pin)監(jian)控(kong)系統(tong)(tong)、門(men)禁(jin)系統(tong)(tong)及(ji)(ji)入(ru)侵報警(jing)(包含(han)周(zhou)界(jie)在內(nei))及(ji)(ji)廣播通訊(xun)系統(tong)(tong)等主要(yao)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu),也有(you)(you)將環境監(jian)控(kong)即數(shu)據收集(ji)(ji)系統(tong)(tong)也納入(ru)地(di)(di)鐵(tie)監(jian)控(kong)系統(tong)(tong)范圍的(de)(de)做法(fa),除了在系統(tong)(tong)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)上來區分(fen);按照地(di)(di)鐵(tie)結(jie)構及(ji)(ji)區域用途(tu)也可(ke)以(yi)區分(fen)出一些(xie)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu),這些(xie)工(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)部(bu)分(fen)是有(you)(you)特定指(zhi)向的(de)(de),如:軌(gui)道(dao)信息收集(ji)(ji)系統(tong)(tong)、隧道(dao)口(kou)視(shi)(shi)頻(pin)辨識系統(tong)(tong)、車廂監(jian)控(kong)系統(tong)(tong)、機房門(men)禁(jin)系統(tong)(tong)及(ji)(ji)站臺視(shi)(shi)頻(pin)智(zhi)能分(fen)析系統(tong)(tong)等,不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)系統(tong)(tong)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)工(gong)法(fa)與設(she)備施工(gong)安裝方式及(ji)(ji)限(xian)制,弄清楚系統(tong)(tong)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)用途(tu)用意(yi)及(ji)(ji)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)所在,施工(gong)開始才不(bu)(bu)致于慌亂。

風險評估是施(shi)工順暢重要考量(liang)問題

討論施(shi)工細節注(zhu)意事(shi)項(xiang)之(zhi)前(qian),風險(xian)評估(gu)是重(zhong)要的工程(cheng)課題。風險(xian)評估(gu)不是談論工程(cheng)成(cheng)本(ben)估(gu)算與(yu)否(fou),而(er)是將(jiang)地鐵監控工程(cheng)過去發生及(ji)(ji)可能發生的技術與(yu)現場問(wen)題進(jin)行評估(gu)與(yu)分(fen)析(xi),已經經歷的案例及(ji)(ji)可能在技術或環(huan)(huan)境(jing)上造成(cheng)的風險(xian)問(wen)題進(jin)行比對,檢視承接的地鐵監控項(xiang)目上是否(fou)有相同的問(wen)題及(ji)(ji)面對的環(huan)(huan)境(jing)。

通常存在(zai)(zai)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)是,動(dong)力線槽(cao)與(yu)弱(ruo)電(dian)線槽(cao)二者(zhe)過度近接(jie)(jie)可(ke)能影(ying)響信號傳輸質量(liang),地鐵站體墻(qiang)面裝(zhuang)修材質可(ke)能無法(fa)支撐(cheng)攝影(ying)機及固定(ding)架(jia)的(de)重量(liang)。還(huan)會存在(zai)(zai)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)是:設計圖(tu)(tu)的(de)管線或設備位置(zhi)與(yu)實際現場不符(fu),無法(fa)按圖(tu)(tu)施(shi)工等等,這些可(ke)預見的(de)風險(xian)。因為同樣的(de)工程(cheng)商執行相(xiang)似的(de)地鐵監控工程(cheng),通常會出現兩(liang)種(zhong)結果,一(yi)種(zhong)是順利完工,另一(yi)種(zhong)則是延誤又停工。問題出現在(zai)(zai)哪里呢?經過探究(jiu),筆者(zhe)認(ren)為,沒有做好(hao)工程(cheng)承接(jie)(jie)前的(de)風險(xian)評估是最(zui)大原因,具體分析,下列問題最(zui)多:

系統可行性風險——常常碰到是(shi)規劃(hua)與現(xian)場(chang)需(xu)求不符;

施工技術(shu)難(nan)度風險——欠(qian)缺事先的勘(kan)察;

設備質(zhi)量不良風(feng)險——最常(chang)見的是次貨替(ti)代產生的風(feng)險;

業(ye)主環境(jing)不良(liang)風(feng)險——特殊環境(jing)常給工程商一些考驗及支出(chu);

工(gong)程安全(quan)性風險——纜線設(she)備機具失(shi)竊已不是新聞。

地鐵監控工程到底(di)要注意那些事項?

進(jin)入了工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)執(zhi)行(xing)階段,才(cai)是工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)問(wen)題(ti)多如牛(niu)毛(mao)的開始(shi),前文探討(tao)的二個面(mian)向均是工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)觀念性及事務(wu)性問(wen)題(ti),進(jin)入執(zhi)行(xing)施工(gong)階段,實務(wu)性及技術性的突發問(wen)題(ti)開始(shi)讓工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管理人員接受考驗(yan)。

設備(bei)進場檢驗未通過(guo)

地鐵監控(kong)工(gong)程執(zhi)行前(qian)按(an)正(zheng)規作法(fa)設(she)(she)備(bei)應先行進(jin)場,獲(huo)取業(ye)主(zhu)(zhu)或監造(zao)的確(que)認(ren),工(gong)程設(she)(she)備(bei)款項(xiang)先支領(ling)以(yi)應對廠(chang)商(shang)資金(jin)周(zhou)轉(zhuan),在此階段如果出現(xian)這問題又沒有(you)處(chu)理(li)好,就(jiu)會影響整個工(gong)程進(jin)度及(ji)整體作業(ye),因此,設(she)(she)備(bei)進(jin)場檢驗絕(jue)對不可輕忽,要依標單明(ming)細(xi)(xi)或材料(liao)送審明(ming)細(xi)(xi)逐項(xiang)核對,取得(de)業(ye)主(zhu)(zhu)及(ji)監造(zao)確(que)認(ren)后(hou)再進(jin)場,保障施作設(she)(she)備(bei)無誤。

工程(cheng)執行人員設備材料(liao)準備

地(di)鐵監(jian)控工程(cheng)所處地(di)理位置偏遠(yuan),工作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)執(zhi)行施工時(shi),機械(xie)設備(bei)(bei)(bei)準備(bei)(bei)(bei)不(bu)足、材(cai)(cai)料備(bei)(bei)(bei)料不(bu)全或出現(xian)遺漏是(shi)常(chang)(chang)見的(de)問題,出現(xian)此種(zhong)(zhong)情況(kuang)的(de)原因在(zai)于,技術人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)準備(bei)(bei)(bei)設備(bei)(bei)(bei)與材(cai)(cai)料時(shi)通常(chang)(chang)都以(yi)經驗記憶,因而會(hui)出現(xian)遺漏,而工程(cheng)主管(guan)如果未盡到再(zai)確認之責。發(fa)生這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)事(shi)情,貌似是(shi)小事(shi)情,但(dan)是(shi)不(bu)要忽略可能帶來的(de)影響,工具沒帶材(cai)(cai)料不(bu)齊,再(zai)加上工地(di)位置遠(yuan)偏,那就只能無可奈何,如果附(fu)近可以(yi)購買,會(hui)增(zeng)加成(cheng)本,而如果沒有,那就會(hui)延誤工期(qi),增(zeng)加成(cheng)本。

2現場管路(lu)與線路(lu)等界面(mian)無法匹配

現場管(guan)路與線(xian)路等界面(mian)無法匹配(pei)

目前,地鐵工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)通常是幾家(jia)分(fen)包商共(gong)同承包施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong),因此在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)執行(xing)上(shang),常常因為分(fen)包商之間(jian)(jian)施(shi)作協(xie)調不足、或未進(jin)(jin)行(xing)同套(tao)(tao)圖施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作業(ye),使得接口間(jian)(jian)問題(ti)叢(cong)生,進(jin)(jin)而導(dao)致材料浪費、工(gong)(gong)(gong)作停滯延宕、人力調度錯亂,帶來損(sun)耗及(ji)(ji)額外支出。因此,工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)負責人一定要(yao)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)運行(xing)期間(jian)(jian)做好工(gong)(gong)(gong)地橫向及(ji)(ji)縱向接口協(xie)調工(gong)(gong)(gong)作,以及(ji)(ji)及(ji)(ji)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)同套(tao)(tao)圖比對(dui)作業(ye),避(bi)免此問題(ti)的產生。

工(gong)程執行施作(zuo)細節標準(zhun)化問題

地鐵監控工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)在(zai)施工(gong)作(zuo)業(ye)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),一定要(yao)(yao)有(you)準化(hua)作(zuo)業(ye)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序及工(gong)法,這(zhe)些(xie)工(gong)法通常是(shi)(shi)由一些(xie)資深(shen)的(de)(de)技術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)累積經(jing)驗而(er)成,除非在(zai)施工(gong)計劃中(zhong)或合約規范中(zhong)有(you)標(biao)(biao)準要(yao)(yao)求,不(bu)(bu)然都由工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)以(yi)自己(ji)技術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)標(biao)(biao)準執(zhi)行。但是(shi)(shi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)下,很多工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)對安防設備施工(gong)細節(jie)沒有(you)嚴格要(yao)(yao)求,包(bao)括(kuo)對下包(bao)商(shang)(shang),所以(yi)出(chu)現(xian)多種線路(lu)固定方式、接頭做法美觀度不(bu)(bu)一、線路(lu)顏色標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)不(bu)(bu)一,尤(you)其在(zai)電(dian)力、網絡及控制(zhi)線編碼(ma)上,沒有(you)接觸過正規電(dian)工(gong)法及沒有(you)取得證件的(de)(de)比(bi)較容易出(chu)錯(cuo),雖(sui)然看(kan)來是(shi)(shi)很簡單的(de)(de)事(shi),但工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)細節(jie)就是(shi)(shi)這(zhe)么關鍵,很多工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)(shang)在(zai)這(zhe)些(xie)問(wen)題上都付(fu)出(chu)了重(zhong)新建設,汰換、修理代價。以(yi)筆者經(jing)驗,看(kan)似小問(wen)題,造成的(de)(de)損耗是(shi)(shi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)無法獲利的(de)(de)隱形殺手,工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)執(zhi)行細節(jie)標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)及技術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)再教育完美的(de)(de)態度是(shi)(shi)化(hua)解良方。

工程執行安(an)全及程序管理(li)問題

地鐵監控(kong)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商在執行工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)上,第一講求的就(jiu)是(shi)工地安(an)(an)(an)全管(guan)(guan)理(li)及(ji)(ji)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序安(an)(an)(an)排,很多時候施工人(ren)員沒有(you)注意(yi)到工作(zuo)(zuo)項(xiang)目(mu)順(shun)序安(an)(an)(an)排,實(shi)際施工過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中,工作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員會(hui)(hui)根據工作(zuo)(zuo)難度(du)(du)及(ji)(ji)接口配合(he)問題,自由安(an)(an)(an)排順(shun)序或以(yi)難度(du)(du)大小優先(xian)處理(li),最(zui)常(chang)見到的是(shi)先(xian)把(ba)主機(ji)柜設備安(an)(an)(an)裝好,才發覺(jue)線(xian)路進(jin)不去機(ji)柜,因而要先(xian)卸(xie)下設備;有(you)些情況是(shi)預(yu)置作(zuo)(zuo)業做(zuo)過頭(tou),到了現場才看到還得按部就(jiu)班來(lai),一點都不能投機(ji)。因此,做(zuo)好工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)安(an)(an)(an)裝管(guan)(guan)理(li),才能事(shi)半功倍,否(fou)則,作(zuo)(zuo)業人(ren)員可(ke)能受罰,還可(ke)能會(hui)(hui)給工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商帶來(lai)商譽損失。

工程記錄很有必要(yao)

在(zai)(zai)地鐵安(an)防監控工程(cheng)中(zhong),我(wo)們常(chang)常(chang)看(kan)到監管(guan)(guan)人(ren)員(yuan)拿(na)著相(xiang)機、筆(bi)記(ji)(ji)本穿梭(suo)在(zai)(zai)工地中(zhong)拍(pai)拍(pai)錄(lu)錄(lu),通常(chang)大(da)家認為拍(pai)照記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)只(zhi)是(shi)(shi)監督人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)可能是(shi)(shi)業主要求過(guo)程(cheng)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)罷了。但是(shi)(shi),拍(pai)照記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)(zai)公共工程(cheng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業中(zhong)是(shi)(shi)要求執行(xing)嚴格的(de),如(ru)果是(shi)(shi)私人(ren)安(an)防系統就是(shi)(shi)工程(cheng)商幾業務人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)存(cun)檔。在(zai)(zai)過(guo)去的(de)很(hen)多工程(cheng)案中(zhong),施工技(ji)術人(ren)員(yuan)視拍(pai)照記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)是(shi)(shi)一大(da)苦差事,原因(yin)無它:只(zhi)因(yin)為要保管(guan)(guan)相(xiang)機又要工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),且要時時記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)對(dui)一個執行(xing)工程(cheng)的(de)技(ji)術人(ren)員(yuan)確(que)實存(cun)在(zai)(zai)困擾(rao),因(yin)為施工過(guo)程(cheng)是(shi)(shi)不停頓的(de),所以常(chang)會有部份(fen)階段漏拍(pai)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)問題。

有(you)人會提(ti)出疑(yi)問(wen),拍照(zhao)記(ji)錄(lu)真(zhen)那么重要(yao)嗎(ma)?重要(yao)!非常重要(yao),過去曾有(you)幾個公(gong)共工程(cheng)(cheng)有(you)爭議(yi)時,照(zhao)片記(ji)錄(lu)幫(bang)助過不(bu)少廠商(shang)及業主澄清(qing)問(wen)題及責任。筆(bi)者也(ye)在工程(cheng)(cheng)經歷中(zhong)靠著完整的記(ji)錄(lu)照(zhao)片節省不(bu)少奔波說明及澄清(qing)確認時間(jian),以及事后(hou)舉證困難難題,都余有(you)更充裕的時間(jian)以做工地(di)管(guan)理。



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